Cibiyar sirar
Jadawalin lokacin rayuwar Muhammad
Taswirar gargajiya tana tsara rayuwar Annabi bisa shekarunsa. Shekarun kafin aikinsa (“kafin annabci”) sun shafi haihuwarsa, kuruciyarsa, da aurensa. Daga kimanin shekara ta 40, shekarun “bayan saukar wahayi” sun shafi wa'azinsa a Makka, hijira zuwa Madina, da abubuwan da suka faru a shekarunsa goma na karshe.
Kafin annabci (daga haihuwa zuwa shekara 38)
| Shekara | Kimanin shekarar | Lamari |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 570–571 BM | An haife shi a Makka a “Shekarar Giwa,” lokacin da aka mayar da wani mahara sojoji daga birnin. Mahaifinsa, Abdullahi, ya riga ya rasu. |
| 2 | An shayar da shi a hamada ta hannun mai renon nono, Halima al-Sa'diyya, kamar yadda al'adar Makka take. | |
| 4 | Labarin gargajiya na “tsage kirji,” wanda bayan haka aka mayar da shi ga mahaifiyarsa. | |
| 6 | Mahaifiyarsa, Amina, ta rasu a al-Abwa' yayin dawowa daga ziyara; kakanninsa suka dauki nauyin kula da shi. | |
| 8 | Kakansa Abd al-Muttalib ya rasu; kawunsa Abu Talib ya zama mai kula da shi. | |
| 12 | Ya yi tafiya tare da Abu Talib a kan ayarin kasuwanci zuwa Sham; wani malami mai suna Bahira ya ce ya lura da alamomin matsayinsa na gaba. | |
| 25 | Ya jagoranci ayarin kasuwancin Khadija, mace bazawara mai daraja kuma 'yar kasuwa, sannan ya aure ta. | |
| 35 | Ya taimaki Quraishawa wajen warware wata gardama cikin lumana yayin sake gina Ka'aba, wurin ibada mai siffar murabba'i a Makka. | |
| 38 | Ya fara kebewa zuwa kogon Hira domin yin tunani da ibada shi kadai. |
Shekarun Makka (daga shekara 40 zuwa Hijira)
| Shekara | Kimanin shekarar | Lamari |
|---|---|---|
| 40 | 610 BM | Ya karbi saukar wahayi na farko a kogon Hira. Matarsa Khadija ce ta farko da ta yi imani. |
| 41 | Daga cikin masu musulunta da wuri akwai Abu Bakr, dan uwansa Ali, da dansa na riko Zayd, sannan wasu suka biyo baya. | |
| 43 | Ya fara wa'azi a fili a Makka. | |
| 44 | Saboda zalunci, wasu mabiyansa suka yi hijira zuwa Habasha (Habasha ta yau) domin neman tsaro. | |
| 45 | Kawunsa Hamza da halifa na gaba Umar suka karbi Musulunci, lamarin da ya karfafa karamar al'umma. | |
| 46–49 | Quraishawa suka kakaba wa danginsa kauracewa ta zamantakewa da tattalin arziki; daga karshe ta rushe. | |
| 50 | 619 BM | “Shekarar Bakin Ciki”: Abu Talib da Khadija duka sun rasu. Mutane daga birnin Yathrib suka fara karbar Musulunci. |
| 51–52 | 621–622 BM | Mubaya'a biyu a al-Aqaba: mutanen Yathrib suka gayyace shi zuwa birninsu kuma suka yi masa mubaya'a. |
Shekarun Madina (daga Hijira zuwa rasuwarsa)
| Shekara | Shekarar | Lamari |
|---|---|---|
| 53 | 1 AH (622 BM) | Ya yi hijira zuwa Yathrib, wadda aka sake masa suna Madina. Ya gina Masallacin Annabi kuma ya hada muhajirai da masu taimako na cikin gida. |
| 54 | 2 AH | Yakin Badar. An wajabta azumin Ramadan; alkiblar sallah ta juya zuwa Makka. |
| 55 | 3 AH | Yakin Uhud. Haihuwar jikansa Hasan. |
| 56 | 4 AH | Rikici da Banu al-Nadir; bala'in al-Raji' da Bi'r Ma'una. |
| 57 | 5 AH | Yakin Khandaki, lokacin da kawance suka kewaye Madina. |
| 58 | 6 AH | Yarjejeniyar Hudaybiyya, wani sulhu da Makka. |
| 59 | 7 AH | Yakin Khaibar; an aika wasiku zuwa ga sarakuna da shugabannin makwabta. |
| 60 | 8 AH | Cin Makka cikin lumana, wanda Yakin Hunayn ya biyo baya. |
| 61 | 9 AH | Balaguron Tabuk; “Shekarar Tawagogi,” yayin da kabilu suka zo yin mubaya'a. |
| 62–63 | 10–11 AH (632 BM) | Aikin Hajjin Bankwana da huduba ta karshe; ya rasu a Madina. |
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Yaya aka tsara jadawalin lokaci?
An tsara ainihin taswirar bisa shekarun Annabi maimakon shekarar kalanda. Tana raba rayuwarsa zuwa lokacin kafin aikinsa na annabci da kuma lokacin bayan haka, wanda ya fara kusan shekara ta 40 lokacin da, Musulmi sun yi imani, wahayi ya fara.
Menene Hijira kuma me ya sa take da muhimmanci?
Hijira ita ce hijirar Muhammad da mabiyansa daga Makka zuwa Madina a shekara ta 622 BM domin tserewa zalunci. Ta kasance jujjuyawar da ta kafa al'ummar Musulmi ta farko, kuma kalandar Musulunci tana lissafin shekarunta tun daga wannan lamari.
Tsawon lokaci nawa aikinsa na annabci ya dauka?
Kimanin shekaru 23. Kusan shekaru 13 na farko an kashe su wajen wa'azi a Makka, sau da yawa cikin wahala. Shekaru 10 na karshe, bayan hijira zuwa Madina, sun shaida bunkasar al'umma cikin sauri a yawancin yankin Larabawa.